From 29f5373d81853a1ac1397d0e07484978fa117100 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: RomanDonw <romandonw628@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 22 Jul 2026 20:36:01 +1000
Subject: [PATCH 01/23] added bytearray view wrapper for float (float32)

---
 res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua | 2 ++
 res/scripts/stdmin.lua             | 1 +
 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+)

diff --git a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
index 58b33a520..a90595979 100644
--- a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
+++ b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
@@ -305,6 +305,7 @@ local FFII16view = create_FFIview_class("FFII16view", "int16_t", 2)
 local FFIU16view = create_FFIview_class("FFIU16view", "uint16_t", 2)
 local FFII32view = create_FFIview_class("FFII32view", "int32_t", 4)
 local FFIU32view = create_FFIview_class("FFIU32view", "uint32_t", 4)
+local FFIF32view = create_FFIview_class("FFIF32view", "float", 4)
 
 return {
     FFIBytearray = setmetatable(FFIBytearray, FFIBytearray),
@@ -314,4 +315,5 @@ return {
     FFII16view = FFII16view,
     FFIU32view = FFIU32view,
     FFII32view = FFII32view,
+    FFIF32view = FFIF32view,
 }
diff --git a/res/scripts/stdmin.lua b/res/scripts/stdmin.lua
index 2868dd634..01b61efc6 100644
--- a/res/scripts/stdmin.lua
+++ b/res/scripts/stdmin.lua
@@ -314,6 +314,7 @@ U16view = bytearray.FFIU16view
 I16view = bytearray.FFII16view
 U32view = bytearray.FFIU32view
 I32view = bytearray.FFII32view
+F32view = bytearray.FFIF32view
 Bytearray_construct = function(...) return Bytearray(...) end
 
 bit.compile = require "core:bitwise/compiler"

From 27bb3015e4793e21f27a40476b832ab0548a2eb7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: RomanDonw <romandonw628@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 2026 17:08:32 +1000
Subject: [PATCH 02/23] improved bytearray

---
 res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua | 102 ++++++++++++++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 70 insertions(+), 32 deletions(-)

diff --git a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
index a90595979..f7cab06d9 100644
--- a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
+++ b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ local FFI = ffi
 
 FFI.cdef[[
     void* malloc(size_t);
+    void *realloc(void *, size_t);
     void free(void*);
     typedef struct {
         unsigned char* bytes;
@@ -22,12 +23,33 @@ local GC_THRESHOLD = 50 * 1024 * 1024
 
 local function malloc(size)
     local raw = FFI.C.malloc(size)
-    if raw == nil then
-        return nil
+    if not raw then
+        error("failed memory allocation of " .. size .. " bytes")
     end
 
     allocated_bytes = allocated_bytes + size
+    if allocated_bytes >= GC_THRESHOLD then
+        collectgarbage("step", 200)
+        allocated_bytes = 0
+    end
 
+    return raw
+end
+
+local function realloc(buff, size, throwerror)
+    if throwerror == nil then throwerror = true end
+
+    if size <= 0 then
+        free(buff)
+        return
+    end
+
+    local raw = FFI.C.realloc(buff, size)
+    if not raw and throwerror then
+        error("failed memory reallocation of block " .. buff .. " to new size " .. size)
+    end
+
+    allocated_bytes = allocated_bytes + size
     if allocated_bytes >= GC_THRESHOLD then
         collectgarbage("step", 200)
         allocated_bytes = 0
@@ -38,23 +60,17 @@ end
 
 local function grow_buffer(self, elems)
     local new_capacity = math.ceil(self.capacity / 0.75 + elems)
-    local prev = self.bytes
-    self.bytes = malloc(new_capacity)
-    FFI.copy(self.bytes, prev, self.size)
+    self.bytes = realloc(self.bytes, new_capacity)
     self.capacity = new_capacity
-    free(prev)
 end
 
 local function trim_buffer(self)
-    if self.size == self.capacity then
-        return
+    if self.size == self.capacity then return end
+    local new_bytes = realloc(self.bytes, self.size, false)
+    if new_bytes then
+        self.bytes = new_bytes
+        self.capacity = self.size
     end
-    local size = self.size
-    local prev = self.bytes
-    self.bytes = malloc(size)
-    FFI.copy(self.bytes, prev, self.size)
-    self.capacity = size
-    free(prev)
 end
 
 local function count_elements(b)
@@ -125,15 +141,16 @@ local function clear(self)
     self.size = 0
 end
 
-local function reserve(self, new_capacity)
-    if new_capacity <= self.capacity then
-        return
+local function fill(self, byte)
+    if self.size > 0 then
+        FFI.fill(self.bytes, self.size, byte)
     end
-    local prev = self.bytes
-    self.bytes = malloc(new_capacity)
-    FFI.copy(self.bytes, prev, self.size)
+end
+
+local function reserve(self, new_capacity)
+    if new_capacity <= self.capacity then return end
+    self.bytes = realloc(self.bytes, new_capacity)
     self.capacity = new_capacity
-    free(prev)
 end
 
 local function get_capacity(self)
@@ -150,22 +167,43 @@ local function slice(self, offset, length)
         length = self.size - offset + 1
     end
     local buffer = malloc(length)
-    if not buffer then
-        error("malloc(" .. length .. ") returned NULL")
-    end
     FFI.copy(buffer, self.bytes + (offset - 1), length)
     return bytearray_type(buffer, length, length)
 end
 
+local function copy(self, srcindex, dst, dstindex, size)
+    if srcindex > 0 and dstindex > 0 and size > 0 and
+        srcindex + size - 1 <= self.size and
+        dstindex + size - 1 <= dst.size
+    then
+        FFI.copy(dst.bytes + dstindex - 1, self.bytes + srcindex - 1, size)
+    end
+end
+
+local function move(self, fromindex, toindex, size)
+    if fromindex > 0 and toindex > 0 and size > 0 and
+        fromindex + size - 1 <= self.size and
+        toindex + size - 1 <= self.size
+    then
+        local buff = malloc(size)
+        FFI.copy(buff, self.bytes + fromindex - 1, size)
+        FFI.copy(self.bytes + toindex - 1, buff, size)
+        free(buff)
+    end
+end
+
 local bytearray_methods = {
-    append=append,
-    insert=insert,
-    remove=remove,
-    trim=trim_buffer,
-    clear=clear,
-    reserve=reserve,
-    get_capacity=get_capacity,
-    slice=slice,
+    append = append,
+    insert = insert,
+    remove = remove,
+    trim = trim_buffer,
+    clear = clear,
+    reserve = reserve,
+    get_capacity = get_capacity,
+    slice = slice,
+    fill = fill,
+    copy = copy,
+    move = move
 }
 
 local bytearray_mt = {

From 0d641fa82fe3f16773a9cf643f38b12b32ee3caa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: RomanDonw <romandonw628@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 2026 17:47:32 +1000
Subject: [PATCH 03/23] (i hope that correctry) optimized bytearray:move method

---
 res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua | 13 +++++++++----
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
index f7cab06d9..04212d3e1 100644
--- a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
+++ b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
@@ -185,10 +185,15 @@ local function move(self, fromindex, toindex, size)
         fromindex + size - 1 <= self.size and
         toindex + size - 1 <= self.size
     then
-        local buff = malloc(size)
-        FFI.copy(buff, self.bytes + fromindex - 1, size)
-        FFI.copy(self.bytes + toindex - 1, buff, size)
-        free(buff)
+        if toindex >= fromindex and toindex < fromindex + size then
+            local buff = malloc(size)
+            FFI.copy(buff, self.bytes + fromindex - 1, size)
+            FFI.copy(self.bytes + toindex - 1, buff, size)
+            free(buff)
+        else
+            -- убери(-те) это ветвление, если FFI будет производить копирование не побайтово, и оставь(-те) только верхний блок без условия вообще.
+            FFI.copy(self.bytes + toindex - 1, self.bytes + fromindex - 1, size)
+        end
     end
 end
 

From 67da57d8708375b05865b714db8e1e560b6546c3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: RomanDonw <romandonw628@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 2026 19:29:19 +1000
Subject: [PATCH 04/23] upgraded/improved LuaCanvas::clear method

---
 .../scripting/lua/usertypes/lua_type_canvas.cpp | 17 +++++------------
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/logic/scripting/lua/usertypes/lua_type_canvas.cpp b/src/logic/scripting/lua/usertypes/lua_type_canvas.cpp
index c670e23df..d03b4e855 100644
--- a/src/logic/scripting/lua/usertypes/lua_type_canvas.cpp
+++ b/src/logic/scripting/lua/usertypes/lua_type_canvas.cpp
@@ -161,18 +161,11 @@ static LuaCanvas& require_canvas(State* L, int idx) {
 static int l_clear(State* L) {
     auto& canvas = require_canvas(L, 1);
     auto& image = canvas.getData();
-    ubyte* data = image.getData();
-    RGBA rgba {};
-    if (gettop(L) == 1) {
-        std::fill(data, data + image.getDataSize(), 0);
-        return 0;
-    }
-    rgba = get_rgba(L, 2);
-    size_t pixels = image.getWidth() * image.getHeight();
-    const size_t channels = 4;
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < pixels * channels; i++) {
-        data[i] = rgba.arr[i % channels];
-    }
+    size_t pixelscount = image.getWidth() * image.getHeight();
+    uint32_t* data = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(image.getData());
+
+    if (gettop(L) == 1) std::fill(data, data + pixelscount, 0);
+    else std::fill(data, data + pixelscount, get_rgba(L, 2).rgba);
     return 0;
 }
 

From f8a44c023f563f2adc511356a1e7865a20b9ab7b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: RomanDonw <romandonw628@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 18:25:44 +1000
Subject: [PATCH 05/23] patched code after code review from MihailRis

---
 res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua            | 37 +++++++++----------
 .../lua/usertypes/lua_type_canvas.cpp         |  7 +++-
 2 files changed, 23 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)

diff --git a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
index 04212d3e1..1615d1a08 100644
--- a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
+++ b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
@@ -4,13 +4,14 @@ local FFI = ffi
 
 FFI.cdef[[
     void* malloc(size_t);
-    void *realloc(void *, size_t);
+    void* realloc(void*, size_t);
     void free(void*);
     typedef struct {
         unsigned char* bytes;
         int size;
         int capacity;
     } bytearray_t;
+    void* memmove(void*, const void*, size_t);
 ]]
 
 local free = FFI.C.free
@@ -172,29 +173,27 @@ local function slice(self, offset, length)
 end
 
 local function copy(self, srcindex, dst, dstindex, size)
-    if srcindex > 0 and dstindex > 0 and size > 0 and
-        srcindex + size - 1 <= self.size and
-        dstindex + size - 1 <= dst.size
-    then
-        FFI.copy(dst.bytes + dstindex - 1, self.bytes + srcindex - 1, size)
+    if size <= 0 then error("size of byte range must be positive non-zero integer") end
+    if srcindex < 1 or srcindex + size - 1 > self.size then
+        error("specified source byte range is out of source array bounds")
     end
+    if dstindex < 1 or dstindex + size - 1 > dst.size then
+        error("specified destination byte range is out of destination array bounds")
+    end
+
+    FFI.copy(dst.bytes + dstindex - 1, self.bytes + srcindex - 1, size)
 end
 
 local function move(self, fromindex, toindex, size)
-    if fromindex > 0 and toindex > 0 and size > 0 and
-        fromindex + size - 1 <= self.size and
-        toindex + size - 1 <= self.size
-    then
-        if toindex >= fromindex and toindex < fromindex + size then
-            local buff = malloc(size)
-            FFI.copy(buff, self.bytes + fromindex - 1, size)
-            FFI.copy(self.bytes + toindex - 1, buff, size)
-            free(buff)
-        else
-            -- убери(-те) это ветвление, если FFI будет производить копирование не побайтово, и оставь(-те) только верхний блок без условия вообще.
-            FFI.copy(self.bytes + toindex - 1, self.bytes + fromindex - 1, size)
-        end
+    if size <= 0 then error("size of byte range must be positive non-zero integer") end
+    if fromindex < 1 or fromindex + size - 1 > self.size then
+        error("specified source byte range is out of array bounds")
     end
+    if toindex < 1 or toindex + size - 1 > self.size then
+        error("specified destination byte range is out of array bounds")
+    end
+
+    FFI.C.memmove(self.bytes + self.toindex - 1, self.bytes + self.fromindex - 1, size)
 end
 
 local bytearray_methods = {
diff --git a/src/logic/scripting/lua/usertypes/lua_type_canvas.cpp b/src/logic/scripting/lua/usertypes/lua_type_canvas.cpp
index d03b4e855..928515e74 100644
--- a/src/logic/scripting/lua/usertypes/lua_type_canvas.cpp
+++ b/src/logic/scripting/lua/usertypes/lua_type_canvas.cpp
@@ -164,8 +164,11 @@ static int l_clear(State* L) {
     size_t pixelscount = image.getWidth() * image.getHeight();
     uint32_t* data = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(image.getData());
 
-    if (gettop(L) == 1) std::fill(data, data + pixelscount, 0);
-    else std::fill(data, data + pixelscount, get_rgba(L, 2).rgba);
+    if (gettop(L) == 1) {
+        std::fill(data, data + pixelscount, 0);
+    } else {
+        std::fill(data, data + pixelscount, get_rgba(L, 2).rgba);
+    }
     return 0;
 }
 

From 3eac247a6918398e6bbf92278d615eff8836c8d6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: RomanDonw <romandonw628@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 22:09:11 +1000
Subject: [PATCH 06/23] eliminated hardcoded types sizes in bytearray-viewers
 declaratons and replaced on usage ffi.sizeof function

---
 res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua | 13 +++++++------
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
index 1615d1a08..d58839f15 100644
--- a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
+++ b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
@@ -298,7 +298,8 @@ local function FFIBytearray_as_string(bytes)
     end
 end
 
-local function create_FFIview_class(name, typename, typesize)
+local function create_FFIview_class(name, typename)
+    local typesize = FFI.sizeof(typename)
     local ptrtype = typename .. "*"
     local FFIview_mt = {
         __index = function(self, key)
@@ -343,11 +344,11 @@ local function create_FFIview_class(name, typename, typesize)
     end
 end
 
-local FFII16view = create_FFIview_class("FFII16view", "int16_t", 2)
-local FFIU16view = create_FFIview_class("FFIU16view", "uint16_t", 2)
-local FFII32view = create_FFIview_class("FFII32view", "int32_t", 4)
-local FFIU32view = create_FFIview_class("FFIU32view", "uint32_t", 4)
-local FFIF32view = create_FFIview_class("FFIF32view", "float", 4)
+local FFII16view = create_FFIview_class("FFII16view", "int16_t")
+local FFIU16view = create_FFIview_class("FFIU16view", "uint16_t")
+local FFII32view = create_FFIview_class("FFII32view", "int32_t")
+local FFIU32view = create_FFIview_class("FFIU32view", "uint32_t")
+local FFIF32view = create_FFIview_class("FFIF32view", "float")
 
 return {
     FFIBytearray = setmetatable(FFIBytearray, FFIBytearray),

From 2c72d33485fd38b5b69b8d9f80bb1bd53f1b720f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: RomanDonw <romandonw628@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 22:45:48 +1000
Subject: [PATCH 07/23] improved Bytearray:fill method

---
 res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua | 9 +++++++--
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
index d58839f15..586fa8e25 100644
--- a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
+++ b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
@@ -142,8 +142,13 @@ local function clear(self)
     self.size = 0
 end
 
-local function fill(self, byte)
-    if self.size > 0 then
+local function fill(self, index, size, byte)
+    if index ~= nil and size ~= nil and size > 0 then
+        if index < 1 or index + size - 1 > self.size then
+            error("selected fill range is out of array bounds")
+        end
+        FFI.fill(self.bytes + index - 1, size, byte)
+    else
         FFI.fill(self.bytes, self.size, byte)
     end
 end

From 5a0f63061ffc866052fa7f0d0bd190987ab447ed Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: RomanDonw <romandonw628@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 23:41:57 +1000
Subject: [PATCH 08/23] added & upgraded Russian docs for new bytearray
 functions, new bytearray views (viewers) and other features

---
 doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md | 37 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 30 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md b/doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md
index c90b6d67e..138eed347 100644
--- a/doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md
+++ b/doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md
@@ -22,11 +22,31 @@ bytes:insert(index: int, value: int)
 -- Удаляет элемент(ы), если передан `count`, удалит `count` кол-во элементов с выбранного индекса.
 bytes:remove(index: int, [опционально] count: int)
 
--- Очищает массив
+-- Очищает массив.
 bytes:clear()
 
+--[[
+Заполняет массив определённым байтом полностью либо в определённом диапазоне.
+Логика работы следующая: если параметр size или index равны nil, то указанным байтом будет заполнен весь массив,
+    иначе будет заполнен диапазон внутри массива начиная с индекса index и размером size.
+В случае выхода заполняемого блока за границы массива генерирует соответствующую ошибку.
+]]
+bytes:fill(index: posint/nil, size: posint/nil, byte: uint8)
+
 -- Создаёт новый Bytearray, содержащий копию части данных с offset до offset+length
 bytes:slice(offset: int, length: int) -> Bytearray
+
+--[[
+Копирует блок байт из исходного массива, начиная с индекса srcindex, в массив dst, начиная в нём с индекса dstindex.
+В случае выхода за границы исходного, конечного массива, либо при некорректном значении параметра size генерирует соответствующую ошибку.
+]]
+bytes:copy(srcindex: posint, dst: Bytearray, dstindex: posint, size: posint)
+
+--[[
+Безопасно копирует перекрывающиеся области памяти (байт) в пределах одного массива.
+В случае выхода за пределы массива начального или конечного диапазона байт генерирует соответствующую ошибку.
+]]
+bytes:move(fromindex: posint, toindex: posint, size: posint)
 ```
 
 ## View
@@ -35,12 +55,15 @@ bytes:slice(offset: int, length: int) -> Bytearray
 
 Не имеет своих методов, является просто объектной ссылкой на оригинальный Bytearray.
 
-| Класс        | Тип элементов      | Размер  |
-| ------------ | ------------------ | ------- |
-| `I16view` | `int16_t` | 2 байта |
-| `U16view` | `uint16_t`         | 2 байта |
-| `I32view` | `int32_t`          | 4 байта |
-| `U32view` | `uint32_t`         | 4 байта |
+| Класс        | Тип элементов      | Размер*  |
+| ------------ | ------------------ | -------- |
+| `I16view`    | `int16_t`          | 2 байта  |
+| `U16view`    | `uint16_t`         | 2 байта  |
+| `I32view`    | `int32_t`          | 4 байта  |
+| `U32view`    | `uint32_t`         | 4 байта  |
+| `F32view`    | `float`            | 4 байта  |
+
+<small>* Размеры C-шных типов являются платформозависимыми. В данной таблице предоставлены наиболее распространённые размеры типов.</small>
 
 ---
 

From b30207917fb614c941bf8c7b8675fb16f9dc4fb3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: RomanDonw <126128023+RomanDonw@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 23:59:28 +1000
Subject: [PATCH 09/23] made Russian docs more exact

---
 doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md | 18 +++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md b/doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md
index 138eed347..50ec15d9d 100644
--- a/doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md
+++ b/doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md
@@ -55,15 +55,15 @@ bytes:move(fromindex: posint, toindex: posint, size: posint)
 
 Не имеет своих методов, является просто объектной ссылкой на оригинальный Bytearray.
 
-| Класс        | Тип элементов      | Размер*  |
-| ------------ | ------------------ | -------- |
-| `I16view`    | `int16_t`          | 2 байта  |
-| `U16view`    | `uint16_t`         | 2 байта  |
-| `I32view`    | `int32_t`          | 4 байта  |
-| `U32view`    | `uint32_t`         | 4 байта  |
-| `F32view`    | `float`            | 4 байта  |
+| Класс        | Тип элементов      | Размер    |
+| ------------ | ------------------ | --------- |
+| `I16view`    | `int16_t`          | 2 байта   |
+| `U16view`    | `uint16_t`         | 2 байта   |
+| `I32view`    | `int32_t`          | 4 байта   |
+| `U32view`    | `uint32_t`         | 4 байта   |
+| `F32view`    | `float`            | 4 байта*  |
 
-<small>* Размеры C-шных типов являются платформозависимыми. В данной таблице предоставлены наиболее распространённые размеры типов.</small>
+<small>* Размеры "оригинальных" C-шных типов являются платформозависимыми и их точный размер не описан в стандарте языка. В данной таблице предоставлены наиболее распространённые размеры типов.</small>
 
 ---
 
@@ -82,4 +82,4 @@ print(i16[3]) -- -6 (signed вьюшка)
 for _, num in ipairs(i16) do
     print(num)
 end -- 1; 2; -6
-```
\ No newline at end of file
+```

From e0afe5c6499f7b24e3bad0b03efc7060b0e862ee Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: RomanDonw <romandonw628@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 17:18:58 +1000
Subject: [PATCH 10/23] added typesize method for bytearray views (viewers)
 (both to Lua and docs (only Russian for now))

---
 doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md      | 7 +++++++
 res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua | 3 +++
 2 files changed, 10 insertions(+)

diff --git a/doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md b/doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md
index 50ec15d9d..b16b3fd39 100644
--- a/doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md
+++ b/doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md
@@ -65,6 +65,13 @@ bytes:move(fromindex: posint, toindex: posint, size: posint)
 
 <small>* Размеры "оригинальных" C-шных типов являются платформозависимыми и их точный размер не описан в стандарте языка. В данной таблице предоставлены наиболее распространённые размеры типов.</small>
 
+### Специфические методы "вьюшек"
+
+```lua
+-- Возвращает размер типа вьюшки (полезно для вьюшек, использующих C-шные типы нефиксированного размера: те же float или double).
+view:typesize() -> posint
+```
+
 ---
 
 ### Пример использования
diff --git a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
index 586fa8e25..556085515 100644
--- a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
+++ b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
@@ -339,6 +339,9 @@ local function create_FFIview_class(name, typename)
                     return i, ptr[i - 1]
                 end
             end
+        end,
+        typesize = function()
+            return typesize
         end
     }
     return function (bytes)

From 9fc94e40b20f6f686b4113dcd7fe530f04020fba Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: RomanDonw <romandonw628@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 17:41:24 +1000
Subject: [PATCH 11/23] renamed bytearray F32view to FLT view & improved
 bytearray Russian docs

---
 doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md      | 9 +++++++--
 res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua | 4 ++--
 res/scripts/stdmin.lua             | 2 +-
 3 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md b/doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md
index b16b3fd39..032182891 100644
--- a/doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md
+++ b/doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 *Bytearray* - динамический байтовый массив, реализованный через LuaJIT FFI. По нему можно итерироваться стандартными функциями **pairs** и **ipairs**
 
+<small>Примечание касаемо условных обозначений в документации: псведотип `posint` означает натуральное (положительное ненулевое целое) число.</small>
+
 ## Основное
 ### Создание массива
 ```lua
@@ -61,14 +63,17 @@ bytes:move(fromindex: posint, toindex: posint, size: posint)
 | `U16view`    | `uint16_t`         | 2 байта   |
 | `I32view`    | `int32_t`          | 4 байта   |
 | `U32view`    | `uint32_t`         | 4 байта   |
-| `F32view`    | `float`            | 4 байта*  |
+| `FLTview`    | `float`            | 4 байта*  |
 
 <small>* Размеры "оригинальных" C-шных типов являются платформозависимыми и их точный размер не описан в стандарте языка. В данной таблице предоставлены наиболее распространённые размеры типов.</small>
 
 ### Специфические методы "вьюшек"
 
 ```lua
--- Возвращает размер типа вьюшки (полезно для вьюшек, использующих C-шные типы нефиксированного размера: те же float или double).
+--[[
+Возвращает размер типа вьюшки. Результат тот же, что и от применения оператора sizeof() из языка C для данного типа.
+    Полезно для вьюшек, использующих C-шные типы нефиксированного размера, например те же float или double.
+]]
 view:typesize() -> posint
 ```
 
diff --git a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
index 556085515..27472f491 100644
--- a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
+++ b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ local FFII16view = create_FFIview_class("FFII16view", "int16_t")
 local FFIU16view = create_FFIview_class("FFIU16view", "uint16_t")
 local FFII32view = create_FFIview_class("FFII32view", "int32_t")
 local FFIU32view = create_FFIview_class("FFIU32view", "uint32_t")
-local FFIF32view = create_FFIview_class("FFIF32view", "float")
+local FFIFLTview = create_FFIview_class("FFIFLTview", "float")
 
 return {
     FFIBytearray = setmetatable(FFIBytearray, FFIBytearray),
@@ -366,5 +366,5 @@ return {
     FFII16view = FFII16view,
     FFIU32view = FFIU32view,
     FFII32view = FFII32view,
-    FFIF32view = FFIF32view,
+    FFIFLTview = FFIFLTview,
 }
diff --git a/res/scripts/stdmin.lua b/res/scripts/stdmin.lua
index 01b61efc6..a7c7bdbd2 100644
--- a/res/scripts/stdmin.lua
+++ b/res/scripts/stdmin.lua
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ U16view = bytearray.FFIU16view
 I16view = bytearray.FFII16view
 U32view = bytearray.FFIU32view
 I32view = bytearray.FFII32view
-F32view = bytearray.FFIF32view
+FLTview = bytearray.FFIFLTview
 Bytearray_construct = function(...) return Bytearray(...) end
 
 bit.compile = require "core:bitwise/compiler"

From 457fc573492dd9ec2f9399386bd1e1070c723830 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: RomanDonw <romandonw628@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 18:07:11 +1000
Subject: [PATCH 12/23] added more new views (viewers) for bytearray (again
 both to Lua & Russian docs)

---
 doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md      | 10 ++++++----
 res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua |  8 ++++++++
 res/scripts/stdmin.lua             |  4 ++++
 3 files changed, 18 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md b/doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md
index 032182891..d15cd6a58 100644
--- a/doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md
+++ b/doc/ru/scripting/bytearray.md
@@ -55,15 +55,19 @@ bytes:move(fromindex: posint, toindex: posint, size: posint)
 
 Это "вьюшки" поверх Bytearray, которые интерпретируют его байты как массив чисел другого размера - **без копирования данных**.
 
-Не имеет своих методов, является просто объектной ссылкой на оригинальный Bytearray.
+Практически не имеют своих методов, являются простыми объектными ссылками на оригинальный Bytearray.
 
 | Класс        | Тип элементов      | Размер    |
 | ------------ | ------------------ | --------- |
+| `I8view`     | `int8_t`           | 1 байт    |
 | `I16view`    | `int16_t`          | 2 байта   |
 | `U16view`    | `uint16_t`         | 2 байта   |
 | `I32view`    | `int32_t`          | 4 байта   |
 | `U32view`    | `uint32_t`         | 4 байта   |
+| `I64view`    | `int64_t`          | 8 байт    |
+| `U64view`    | `uint64_t`         | 8 байт    |
 | `FLTview`    | `float`            | 4 байта*  |
+| `DBLview`    | `double`           | 8 байт*   |
 
 <small>* Размеры "оригинальных" C-шных типов являются платформозависимыми и их точный размер не описан в стандарте языка. В данной таблице предоставлены наиболее распространённые размеры типов.</small>
 
@@ -77,9 +81,7 @@ bytes:move(fromindex: posint, toindex: posint, size: posint)
 view:typesize() -> posint
 ```
 
----
-
-### Пример использования
+## Пример использования
 
 ```lua
 local bytes = Bytearray({1, 0, 2, 0, 250, 255})
diff --git a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
index 27472f491..42f6bddcd 100644
--- a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
+++ b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
@@ -352,19 +352,27 @@ local function create_FFIview_class(name, typename)
     end
 end
 
+local FFII8view = create_FFIview_class("FFII8view", "int8_t")
 local FFII16view = create_FFIview_class("FFII16view", "int16_t")
 local FFIU16view = create_FFIview_class("FFIU16view", "uint16_t")
 local FFII32view = create_FFIview_class("FFII32view", "int32_t")
 local FFIU32view = create_FFIview_class("FFIU32view", "uint32_t")
+local FFII64view = create_FFIview_class("FFII32view", "int64_t")
+local FFIU64view = create_FFIview_class("FFIU32view", "uint64_t")
 local FFIFLTview = create_FFIview_class("FFIFLTview", "float")
+local FFIDBLview = create_FFIview_class("FFIDBLview", "double")
 
 return {
     FFIBytearray = setmetatable(FFIBytearray, FFIBytearray),
     FFIBytearray_as_string = FFIBytearray_as_string,
     FFIBytearray_as_ptr = FFIBytearray_as_ptr,
+    FFII8view = FFII8view,
     FFIU16view = FFIU16view,
     FFII16view = FFII16view,
     FFIU32view = FFIU32view,
     FFII32view = FFII32view,
+    FFIU64view = FFIU64view,
+    FFII64view = FFII64view,
     FFIFLTview = FFIFLTview,
+    FFIDBLview = FFIDBLview,
 }
diff --git a/res/scripts/stdmin.lua b/res/scripts/stdmin.lua
index a7c7bdbd2..93bdf118e 100644
--- a/res/scripts/stdmin.lua
+++ b/res/scripts/stdmin.lua
@@ -310,11 +310,15 @@ local bytearray = require "core:internal/bytearray"
 Bytearray = bytearray.FFIBytearray
 Bytearray_as_string = bytearray.FFIBytearray_as_string
 Bytearray_as_ptr = bytearray.FFIBytearray_as_ptr
+I8view = bytearray.FFII8view
 U16view = bytearray.FFIU16view
 I16view = bytearray.FFII16view
 U32view = bytearray.FFIU32view
 I32view = bytearray.FFII32view
+U64view = bytearray.FFIU64view
+I64view = bytearray.FFII64view
 FLTview = bytearray.FFIFLTview
+DBLview = bytearray.FFIDBLview
 Bytearray_construct = function(...) return Bytearray(...) end
 
 bit.compile = require "core:bitwise/compiler"

From e203b5ef4cc77fd812e5e8f0e3775064ab4cb5ab Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: RomanDonw <romandonw628@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 19:50:55 +1000
Subject: [PATCH 13/23] fixed two (2) typos in Bytearray:move method
 implementation

---
 res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
index 42f6bddcd..cfae8b53d 100644
--- a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
+++ b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ local function move(self, fromindex, toindex, size)
         error("specified destination byte range is out of array bounds")
     end
 
-    FFI.C.memmove(self.bytes + self.toindex - 1, self.bytes + self.fromindex - 1, size)
+    FFI.C.memmove(self.bytes + toindex - 1, self.bytes + fromindex - 1, size)
 end
 
 local bytearray_methods = {

From 5843e5828b5e568ed271f55852eb1329e071e417 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: RomanDonw <romandonw628@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 20:25:15 +1000
Subject: [PATCH 14/23] upgraded bytearray's test (added testing new bytearray
 functions and views/viewers)

---
 dev/tests/bytearray.lua | 64 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 64 insertions(+)

diff --git a/dev/tests/bytearray.lua b/dev/tests/bytearray.lua
index 415768c65..2a3d6140b 100644
--- a/dev/tests/bytearray.lua
+++ b/dev/tests/bytearray.lua
@@ -34,3 +34,67 @@ arr:insert(2, {5, 6})
 assert(arr[#arr] == 25)
 assert(arr[2] == 5)
 assert(arr[3] == 6)
+
+-- =============================
+
+local arr2 = Bytearray({254, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255})
+--assert(U64view(arr2)[1] == 2 ^ 64 - 2)
+assert(I64view(arr2)[1] == -2)
+assert(U32view(arr2)[1] == 2 ^ 32 - 2)
+assert(I32view(arr2)[1] == -2)
+assert(U16view(arr2)[1] == 2 ^ 16 - 2)
+assert(I16view(arr2)[1] == -2)
+assert(I8view(arr2)[1] == -2)
+
+assert(I8view(arr2)[2] == -1)
+assert(I32view(arr2)[2] == -1)
+
+local arr3 = Bytearray({0xFF, 0x7F})
+local arr3i16 = I16view(arr3)
+local arr3u16 = U16view(arr3)
+assert(arr3i16[1] == 32767)
+
+arr3u16[1] = arr3u16[1] + 1
+assert(arr3i16[1] == -32768)
+assert(arr3u16[1] == 32768)
+
+local arr4 = Bytearray({0x9A, 0x99, 0x59, 0x40}) -- approx. equal 3.4 in hexadecimal representation of single-precision float number.
+local arr4flt = FLTview(arr4)
+local arr4u32 = U32view(arr4)
+assert(arr4flt[1] == 3.4000000953674316)
+assert(arr4u32[1] == 0x4059999A)
+
+arr4flt[1] = arr4flt[1] + 0.1
+assert(arr4flt[1] == 3.5)
+assert(arr4u32[1] == 0x40600000) -- hexadecimal representation of 3.5 single-precision float number.
+
+-- =============================================
+
+function barrtostr(barr)
+    local outstr = ""
+    for i = 1, #barr do
+        local lastfmt = ""
+        if i ~= #barr then lastfmt = "|" end
+        outstr = outstr .. barr[i] .. lastfmt
+    end
+    return outstr
+end
+
+local arr5 = Bytearray({0, 5, 34, 87, 21, 0, 210})
+assert(barrtostr(arr5) == "0|5|34|87|21|0|210")
+arr5:move(2, 3, 4)
+assert(barrtostr(arr5) == "0|5|5|34|87|21|210")
+
+local arr6 = Bytearray({1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8})
+assert(barrtostr(arr6) == "1|2|3|4|6|7|8")
+arr5:copy(4, arr6, 2, 3)
+assert(barrtostr(arr6) == "1|34|87|21|6|7|8")
+
+arr5:fill(nil, nil, 192)
+assert(barrtostr(arr5) == "192|192|192|192|192|192|192")
+arr5:fill(nil, 3, 233)
+assert(barrtostr(arr5) == "233|233|233|233|233|233|233")
+arr5:fill(2, nil, 254)
+assert(barrtostr(arr5) == "254|254|254|254|254|254|254")
+arr5:fill(2, 2, 66)
+assert(barrtostr(arr5) == "254|66|66|254|254|254|254")
\ No newline at end of file

From 074f01b1bb1fae161fd83d3f9061594af2c6ce71 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: RomanDonw <romandonw628@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 22:40:59 +1000
Subject: [PATCH 15/23] upgraded bytearray test & added DBLview testing section

---
 dev/tests/bytearray.lua | 85 +++++++++++++++++++++--------------------
 1 file changed, 44 insertions(+), 41 deletions(-)

diff --git a/dev/tests/bytearray.lua b/dev/tests/bytearray.lua
index 2a3d6140b..cbd537100 100644
--- a/dev/tests/bytearray.lua
+++ b/dev/tests/bytearray.lua
@@ -37,36 +37,39 @@ assert(arr[3] == 6)
 
 -- =============================
 
-local arr2 = Bytearray({254, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255})
---assert(U64view(arr2)[1] == 2 ^ 64 - 2)
-assert(I64view(arr2)[1] == -2)
-assert(U32view(arr2)[1] == 2 ^ 32 - 2)
-assert(I32view(arr2)[1] == -2)
-assert(U16view(arr2)[1] == 2 ^ 16 - 2)
-assert(I16view(arr2)[1] == -2)
-assert(I8view(arr2)[1] == -2)
+arr = Bytearray({254, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255})
+--assert(U64view(arr)[1] == 2 ^ 64 - 2)
+assert(I64view(arr)[1] == -2)
+assert(U32view(arr)[1] == 2 ^ 32 - 2)
+assert(I32view(arr)[1] == -2)
+assert(U16view(arr)[1] == 2 ^ 16 - 2)
+assert(I16view(arr)[1] == -2)
+assert(I8view(arr)[1] == -2)
 
-assert(I8view(arr2)[2] == -1)
-assert(I32view(arr2)[2] == -1)
+assert(I8view(arr)[2] == -1)
+assert(I32view(arr)[2] == -1)
 
-local arr3 = Bytearray({0xFF, 0x7F})
-local arr3i16 = I16view(arr3)
-local arr3u16 = U16view(arr3)
-assert(arr3i16[1] == 32767)
+arr = Bytearray({0xFF, 0x7F})
+local arri16 = I16view(arr)
+local arru16 = U16view(arr)
+assert(arri16[1] == 32767)
 
-arr3u16[1] = arr3u16[1] + 1
-assert(arr3i16[1] == -32768)
-assert(arr3u16[1] == 32768)
+arru16[1] = arru16[1] + 1
+assert(arri16[1] == -32768)
+assert(arru16[1] == 32768)
 
-local arr4 = Bytearray({0x9A, 0x99, 0x59, 0x40}) -- approx. equal 3.4 in hexadecimal representation of single-precision float number.
-local arr4flt = FLTview(arr4)
-local arr4u32 = U32view(arr4)
-assert(arr4flt[1] == 3.4000000953674316)
-assert(arr4u32[1] == 0x4059999A)
+arr = Bytearray({0x9A, 0x99, 0x59, 0x40}) -- approx. equal 3.4 in hexadecimal representation of single-precision float number.
+local arrflt = FLTview(arr)
+local arru32 = U32view(arr)
+assert(arrflt[1] == 3.4000000953674316)
+assert(arru32[1] == 0x4059999A)
 
-arr4flt[1] = arr4flt[1] + 0.1
-assert(arr4flt[1] == 3.5)
-assert(arr4u32[1] == 0x40600000) -- hexadecimal representation of 3.5 single-precision float number.
+arrflt[1] = arrflt[1] + 0.1
+assert(arrflt[1] == 3.5)
+assert(arru32[1] == 0x40600000) -- hexadecimal representation of 3.5 single-precision float number.
+
+arr = Bytearray({0x18, 0x2D, 0x44, 0x54, 0xFB, 0x21, 9, 64}) -- hexadecimal representation of 3.141592653589793 double-precision float number.
+assert(DBLview(arr)[1] == 3.141592653589793)
 
 -- =============================================
 
@@ -80,21 +83,21 @@ function barrtostr(barr)
     return outstr
 end
 
-local arr5 = Bytearray({0, 5, 34, 87, 21, 0, 210})
-assert(barrtostr(arr5) == "0|5|34|87|21|0|210")
-arr5:move(2, 3, 4)
-assert(barrtostr(arr5) == "0|5|5|34|87|21|210")
+arr = Bytearray({0, 5, 34, 87, 21, 0, 210})
+assert(barrtostr(arr) == "0|5|34|87|21|0|210")
+arr:move(2, 3, 4)
+assert(barrtostr(arr) == "0|5|5|34|87|21|210")
 
-local arr6 = Bytearray({1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8})
-assert(barrtostr(arr6) == "1|2|3|4|6|7|8")
-arr5:copy(4, arr6, 2, 3)
-assert(barrtostr(arr6) == "1|34|87|21|6|7|8")
+local arr2 = Bytearray({1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8})
+assert(barrtostr(arr2) == "1|2|3|4|6|7|8")
+arr:copy(4, arr2, 2, 3)
+assert(barrtostr(arr2) == "1|34|87|21|6|7|8")
 
-arr5:fill(nil, nil, 192)
-assert(barrtostr(arr5) == "192|192|192|192|192|192|192")
-arr5:fill(nil, 3, 233)
-assert(barrtostr(arr5) == "233|233|233|233|233|233|233")
-arr5:fill(2, nil, 254)
-assert(barrtostr(arr5) == "254|254|254|254|254|254|254")
-arr5:fill(2, 2, 66)
-assert(barrtostr(arr5) == "254|66|66|254|254|254|254")
\ No newline at end of file
+arr:fill(nil, nil, 192)
+assert(barrtostr(arr) == "192|192|192|192|192|192|192")
+arr:fill(nil, 3, 233)
+assert(barrtostr(arr) == "233|233|233|233|233|233|233")
+arr:fill(2, nil, 254)
+assert(barrtostr(arr) == "254|254|254|254|254|254|254")
+arr:fill(2, 2, 66)
+assert(barrtostr(arr) == "254|66|66|254|254|254|254")
\ No newline at end of file

From 7a88bd454a98bfc3ae8c71b4198e2f8dd16b7ca3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: RomanDonw <126128023+RomanDonw@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 00:39:21 +1000
Subject: [PATCH 16/23] fixed typo in FFIU64view & FFII64view bytearray views
 (viewers) declaration (bytearray.lua)

---
 res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
index cfae8b53d..0908b8c9a 100644
--- a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
+++ b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
@@ -357,8 +357,8 @@ local FFII16view = create_FFIview_class("FFII16view", "int16_t")
 local FFIU16view = create_FFIview_class("FFIU16view", "uint16_t")
 local FFII32view = create_FFIview_class("FFII32view", "int32_t")
 local FFIU32view = create_FFIview_class("FFIU32view", "uint32_t")
-local FFII64view = create_FFIview_class("FFII32view", "int64_t")
-local FFIU64view = create_FFIview_class("FFIU32view", "uint64_t")
+local FFII64view = create_FFIview_class("FFII64view", "int64_t")
+local FFIU64view = create_FFIview_class("FFIU64view", "uint64_t")
 local FFIFLTview = create_FFIview_class("FFIFLTview", "float")
 local FFIDBLview = create_FFIview_class("FFIDBLview", "double")
 

From 7f04d2884e7273f11ede01ef3f943aa139fca0c3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: MihailRis <mexaruc@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 18:54:37 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 17/23] fix view classes static typesize method

---
 res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua | 22 +++++++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
index 0908b8c9a..896f43188 100644
--- a/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
+++ b/res/modules/internal/bytearray.lua
@@ -340,16 +340,20 @@ local function create_FFIview_class(name, typename)
                 end
             end
         end,
-        typesize = function()
-            return typesize
-        end
     }
-    return function (bytes)
-        local x = setmetatable({
-            bytes=bytes,
-        }, FFIview_mt)
-        return x
-    end
+    return setmetatable({}, {
+        __call = function (self, bytes)
+            local x = setmetatable({
+                bytes=bytes,
+            }, FFIview_mt)
+            return x
+        end,
+        __index = {
+            typesize = function()
+                return typesize
+            end
+        }
+    })
 end
 
 local FFII8view = create_FFIview_class("FFII8view", "int8_t")

From 5f94e707ea9fdd53d6272b5c718b8c226222c8ee Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: MihailRis <mexaruc@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 18:55:10 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 18/23] update bytearray test

---
 dev/tests/bytearray.lua | 58 ++++++++++++++++++++---------------------
 1 file changed, 29 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-)

diff --git a/dev/tests/bytearray.lua b/dev/tests/bytearray.lua
index cbd537100..0d1bdb6ae 100644
--- a/dev/tests/bytearray.lua
+++ b/dev/tests/bytearray.lua
@@ -18,55 +18,55 @@ Bytearray.insert(arr, {5, 3, 6})
 
 assert(#arr == 12)
 Bytearray.insert(arr, 2, 8)
-assert(#arr == 13)
+asserts.equals(13, #arr)
 for i=1,10 do
     assert(arr[i] == 10 - i)
 end
 print(#arr, arr:get_capacity())
 arr:trim()
-assert(#arr == arr:get_capacity())
+asserts.equals(#arr, arr:get_capacity())
 
 arr = Bytearray({0, 2, 7, 1, 16, 75, 25})
 assert(arr[6] == 75)
 
 arr:insert(2, {5, 6})
 
-assert(arr[#arr] == 25)
-assert(arr[2] == 5)
-assert(arr[3] == 6)
+asserts.equals(25, arr[#arr])
+asserts.equals(5, arr[2])
+asserts.equals(6, arr[3])
 
 -- =============================
 
 arr = Bytearray({254, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255})
---assert(U64view(arr)[1] == 2 ^ 64 - 2)
-assert(I64view(arr)[1] == -2)
-assert(U32view(arr)[1] == 2 ^ 32 - 2)
-assert(I32view(arr)[1] == -2)
-assert(U16view(arr)[1] == 2 ^ 16 - 2)
-assert(I16view(arr)[1] == -2)
-assert(I8view(arr)[1] == -2)
+-- asserts.equals(U64view(arr)[1], 2 ^ 64 - 2)
+asserts.equals(I64view(arr)[1], -2)
+asserts.equals(U32view(arr)[1], 2 ^ 32 - 2)
+asserts.equals(I32view(arr)[1], -2)
+asserts.equals(U16view(arr)[1], 2 ^ 16 - 2)
+asserts.equals(I16view(arr)[1], -2)
+asserts.equals(I8view(arr)[1], -2)
 
-assert(I8view(arr)[2] == -1)
-assert(I32view(arr)[2] == -1)
+asserts.equals(I8view(arr)[2], -1)
+asserts.equals(I32view(arr)[2], -1)
 
 arr = Bytearray({0xFF, 0x7F})
 local arri16 = I16view(arr)
 local arru16 = U16view(arr)
-assert(arri16[1] == 32767)
+asserts.equals(arri16[1], 32767)
 
 arru16[1] = arru16[1] + 1
-assert(arri16[1] == -32768)
-assert(arru16[1] == 32768)
+asserts.equals(arri16[1], -32768)
+asserts.equals(arru16[1], 32768)
 
 arr = Bytearray({0x9A, 0x99, 0x59, 0x40}) -- approx. equal 3.4 in hexadecimal representation of single-precision float number.
 local arrflt = FLTview(arr)
 local arru32 = U32view(arr)
-assert(arrflt[1] == 3.4000000953674316)
-assert(arru32[1] == 0x4059999A)
+asserts.equals(arrflt[1], 3.4000000953674316)
+asserts.equals(arru32[1], 0x4059999A)
 
 arrflt[1] = arrflt[1] + 0.1
-assert(arrflt[1] == 3.5)
-assert(arru32[1] == 0x40600000) -- hexadecimal representation of 3.5 single-precision float number.
+asserts.equals(arrflt[1], 3.5)
+asserts.equals(arru32[1], 0x40600000) -- hexadecimal representation of 3.5 single-precision float number.
 
 arr = Bytearray({0x18, 0x2D, 0x44, 0x54, 0xFB, 0x21, 9, 64}) -- hexadecimal representation of 3.141592653589793 double-precision float number.
 assert(DBLview(arr)[1] == 3.141592653589793)
@@ -84,20 +84,20 @@ function barrtostr(barr)
 end
 
 arr = Bytearray({0, 5, 34, 87, 21, 0, 210})
-assert(barrtostr(arr) == "0|5|34|87|21|0|210")
+asserts.equals(barrtostr(arr), "0|5|34|87|21|0|210")
 arr:move(2, 3, 4)
-assert(barrtostr(arr) == "0|5|5|34|87|21|210")
+asserts.equals(barrtostr(arr), "0|5|5|34|87|21|210")
 
 local arr2 = Bytearray({1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8})
-assert(barrtostr(arr2) == "1|2|3|4|6|7|8")
+asserts.equals(barrtostr(arr2), "1|2|3|4|6|7|8")
 arr:copy(4, arr2, 2, 3)
-assert(barrtostr(arr2) == "1|34|87|21|6|7|8")
+asserts.equals(barrtostr(arr2), "1|34|87|21|6|7|8")
 
 arr:fill(nil, nil, 192)
-assert(barrtostr(arr) == "192|192|192|192|192|192|192")
+asserts.equals(barrtostr(arr), "192|192|192|192|192|192|192")
 arr:fill(nil, 3, 233)
-assert(barrtostr(arr) == "233|233|233|233|233|233|233")
+asserts.equals(barrtostr(arr), "233|233|233|233|233|233|233")
 arr:fill(2, nil, 254)
-assert(barrtostr(arr) == "254|254|254|254|254|254|254")
+asserts.equals(barrtostr(arr), "254|254|254|254|254|254|254")
 arr:fill(2, 2, 66)
-assert(barrtostr(arr) == "254|66|66|254|254|254|254")
\ No newline at end of file
+asserts.equals(barrtostr(arr), "254|66|66|254|254|254|254")

From 5422eb7ccc4ce7b8cf69b30c2f58a57f23b0b271 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: MihailRis <mexaruc@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 19:19:50 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 19/23] add ctypes library

---
 res/modules/internal/ctypes.lua | 38 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 res/scripts/stdmin.lua          |  2 ++
 2 files changed, 40 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 res/modules/internal/ctypes.lua

diff --git a/res/modules/internal/ctypes.lua b/res/modules/internal/ctypes.lua
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..032ea34b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/res/modules/internal/ctypes.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+local FFI = ffi
+
+FFI.cdef[[
+    unsigned long long strtoull(const char* nptr, char** endptr, int base);
+    long long strtoll(const char* nptr, char** endptr, int base);
+]]
+
+local this = {}
+
+local function create_integral_type(ctype_name, signed)
+    local parse_func = signed and FFI.C.strtoll or FFI.C.strtoull
+    return function(value, base)
+        value = value or 0
+        local typename = type(value)
+        if typename == "number" then
+            return FFI.cast(ctype_name, value)
+        elseif typename == "string" then
+            if type(base) ~= "number" then
+                base = 10
+            end
+            return parse_func(value, nil, base)
+        end
+        error(string.format("invalid value type: %s", typename))
+    end
+end
+
+
+this.uint8 = create_integral_type("uint8_t", false)
+this.uint16 = create_integral_type("uint16_t", false)
+this.uint32 = create_integral_type("uint32_t", false)
+this.uint64 = create_integral_type("uint64_t", false)
+
+this.int8 = create_integral_type("int8_t", true)
+this.int16 = create_integral_type("int16_t", true)
+this.int32 = create_integral_type("int32_t", true)
+this.int64 = create_integral_type("int64_t", true)
+
+return this
diff --git a/res/scripts/stdmin.lua b/res/scripts/stdmin.lua
index 196bf8942..03de8cbaa 100644
--- a/res/scripts/stdmin.lua
+++ b/res/scripts/stdmin.lua
@@ -322,6 +322,8 @@ FLTview = bytearray.FFIFLTview
 DBLview = bytearray.FFIDBLview
 Bytearray_construct = function(...) return Bytearray(...) end
 
+ctypes = require "core:internal/ctypes"
+
 bit.compile = require "core:bitwise/compiler"
 bit.execute = require "core:bitwise/executor"
 

From 40a61307b32c9b2c386346c4f17f415cd1bede93 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: MihailRis <mexaruc@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 19:54:08 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 20/23] update bytearray test

---
 dev/tests/bytearray.lua | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/dev/tests/bytearray.lua b/dev/tests/bytearray.lua
index 0d1bdb6ae..71e895d37 100644
--- a/dev/tests/bytearray.lua
+++ b/dev/tests/bytearray.lua
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ asserts.equals(6, arr[3])
 -- =============================
 
 arr = Bytearray({254, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255})
--- asserts.equals(U64view(arr)[1], 2 ^ 64 - 2)
+asserts.equals(U64view(arr)[1], ctypes.uint64(2) ^ 64 - 2)
 asserts.equals(I64view(arr)[1], -2)
 asserts.equals(U32view(arr)[1], 2 ^ 32 - 2)
 asserts.equals(I32view(arr)[1], -2)

From 4a381ec2f4c5638659eaae7422e0b6648d1b8add Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: MihailRis <mexaruc@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 2026 20:24:58 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 21/23] add ctypes docs (minimal)

---
 doc/en/scripting.md                    |  1 +
 doc/en/scripting/builtins/libctypes.md | 28 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 doc/ru/scripting.md                    |  1 +
 doc/ru/scripting/builtins/libctypes.md | 28 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 58 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 doc/en/scripting/builtins/libctypes.md
 create mode 100644 doc/ru/scripting/builtins/libctypes.md

diff --git a/doc/en/scripting.md b/doc/en/scripting.md
index 09cf40ef4..2072d4353 100644
--- a/doc/en/scripting.md
+++ b/doc/en/scripting.md
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ Subsections:
     - [block](scripting/builtins/libblock.md)
     - [byteutil](scripting/builtins/libbyteutil.md)
     - [cameras](scripting/builtins/libcameras.md)
+    - [ctypes](scripting/builtins/libctypes.md)
     - [entities](scripting/builtins/libentities.md)
     - [file](scripting/builtins/libfile.md)
     - [gfx.blockwraps](scripting/builtins/libgfx-blockwraps.md)
diff --git a/doc/en/scripting/builtins/libctypes.md b/doc/en/scripting/builtins/libctypes.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5517af0fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/en/scripting/builtins/libctypes.md
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# *ctypes* Library
+
+A library for safe work with C types.
+
+| ctypes.\<name\> | C-Type   | Minimum              | Maximum              |
+| --------------- | -------- | -------------------- | -------------------- |
+| uint8           | uint8_t  | 0                    | 255                  |
+| uint16          | uint16_t | 0                    | 65535                |
+| uint32          | uint32_t | 0                    | 4294967295           |
+| uint64          | uint64_t | 0                    | 18446744073709551615 |
+| int8            | int8_t   | -128                 | 127                  |
+| int16           | int16_t  | -32768               | 32767                |
+| int32           | int32_t  | -2147483648          | 2147483647           |
+| int64           | int64_t  | -9223372036854775808 | 9223372036854775807  |
+
+
+Usage examples:
+
+```lua
+local x = ctypes.uint64(1234)
+print(x) --> 1234ULL (cdata)
+local y = ctypes.uint64("18446744073709551615")
+print(y) --> 18446744073709551615ULL (cdata)
+print(x + y) --> 1233ULL
+
+local z = tonumber(x)
+print(z) --> 1234 (number)
+```
diff --git a/doc/ru/scripting.md b/doc/ru/scripting.md
index db3fcd921..1e6d73098 100644
--- a/doc/ru/scripting.md
+++ b/doc/ru/scripting.md
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
     - [block](scripting/builtins/libblock.md)
     - [byteutil](scripting/builtins/libbyteutil.md)
     - [cameras](scripting/builtins/libcameras.md)
+    - [ctypes](scripting/builtins/libctypes.md)
     - [entities](scripting/builtins/libentities.md)
     - [file](scripting/builtins/libfile.md)
     - [gfx.blockwraps](scripting/builtins/libgfx-blockwraps.md)
diff --git a/doc/ru/scripting/builtins/libctypes.md b/doc/ru/scripting/builtins/libctypes.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d6c985b44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/ru/scripting/builtins/libctypes.md
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Библиотека *ctypes*
+
+Библиотека для безопасной работы с типами языка С.
+
+| ctypes.\<name\> | С-тип    | Минимум              | Максимум             |
+| ------------- | -------- | -------------------- | -------------------- |
+| uint8         | uint8_t  | 0                    | 255                  |
+| uint16        | uint16_t | 0                    | 65535                |
+| uint32        | uint32_t | 0                    | 4294967295           |
+| uint64        | uint64_t | 0                    | 18446744073709551615 |
+| int8          | int8_t   | -128                 | 127                  |
+| int16         | int16_t  | -32768               | 32767                |
+| int32         | int32_t  | -2147483648          | 2147483647           |
+| int64         | int64_t  | -9223372036854775808 | 9223372036854775807  |
+
+
+Примеры использования:
+
+```lua
+local x = ctypes.uint64(1234)
+print(x) --> 1234ULL (cdata)
+local y = ctypes.uint64("18446744073709551615")
+print(y) --> 18446744073709551615ULL (cdata)
+print(x + y) --> 1233ULL
+
+local z = tonumber(x)
+print(z) --> 1234 (number)
+```

From f082d7608dac0fc9a6ebb4bef7a24a9c6ef7cd2d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: MihailRis <mexaruc@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 20:23:46 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 22/23] fix black screen in water

---
 src/graphics/render/WorldRenderer.cpp | 9 +++++++--
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/graphics/render/WorldRenderer.cpp b/src/graphics/render/WorldRenderer.cpp
index 57cc90f24..4e2531d95 100644
--- a/src/graphics/render/WorldRenderer.cpp
+++ b/src/graphics/render/WorldRenderer.cpp
@@ -470,11 +470,16 @@ void WorldRenderer::renderFrame(
         setupWorldShader(entityShader, hudcam, engine.getSettings(), 0.0f);
         hands->render(camera);
     }
-    renderBlockOverlay(pctx);
-
+    {
+        auto bctx = pctx.sub();
+        bctx.useTexture(advanced_pipeline::TARGET_COLOR, nullptr);
+        renderBlockOverlay(pctx);
+    }
     glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
 }
 
+#include <iostream>
+
 void WorldRenderer::renderBlockOverlay(const DrawContext& wctx) {
     int x = std::floor(player.currentCamera->position.x);
     int y = std::floor(player.currentCamera->position.y);

From 103bcb3751584fb25c19f6867485051231cf74f5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: MihailRis <mexaruc@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 20:24:32 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 23/23] remove trash

---
 src/graphics/render/WorldRenderer.cpp | 2 --
 1 file changed, 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/graphics/render/WorldRenderer.cpp b/src/graphics/render/WorldRenderer.cpp
index 4e2531d95..a611c7ab6 100644
--- a/src/graphics/render/WorldRenderer.cpp
+++ b/src/graphics/render/WorldRenderer.cpp
@@ -478,8 +478,6 @@ void WorldRenderer::renderFrame(
     glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
 }
 
-#include <iostream>
-
 void WorldRenderer::renderBlockOverlay(const DrawContext& wctx) {
     int x = std::floor(player.currentCamera->position.x);
     int y = std::floor(player.currentCamera->position.y);